{
 "schema_version": "1.0",
 "file_type": "lexicon",
 "language": "ar",
 "parent_node": "nd_nouns",
 "source_language": null,
 "reference_language": null,
 "target_language": "ar",
 "mode": "all",
 "available_preps": [
  {
   "id": "a",
   "roles": [
    "destination",
    "location"
   ],
   "gloss": "to, at"
  },
  {
   "id": "in",
   "roles": [
    "destination",
    "location"
   ],
   "gloss": "in, inside"
  },
  {
   "id": "da",
   "roles": [
    "source",
    "location"
   ],
   "gloss": "from, at someone's place"
  },
  {
   "id": "con",
   "roles": [
    "accompaniment",
    "instrument"
   ],
   "gloss": "with"
  },
  {
   "id": "su",
   "roles": [
    "location",
    "topic"
   ],
   "gloss": "on"
  },
  {
   "id": "per",
   "roles": [
    "beneficiary",
    "purpose",
    "cause"
   ],
   "gloss": "for, through"
  },
  {
   "id": "di",
   "roles": [
    "source",
    "topic"
   ],
   "gloss": "of, from"
  },
  {
   "id": "sotto",
   "roles": [
    "location"
   ],
   "gloss": "under, below"
  },
  {
   "id": "sopra",
   "roles": [
    "location"
   ],
   "gloss": "above, over"
  }
 ],
 "taxonomy": [
  {
   "code": "nd_people_family",
   "label": "العائلة",
   "note": "family members and relatives: mother, brother, grandfather, cousin"
  },
  {
   "code": "nd_people_roles",
   "label": "مهن وأدوار",
   "note": "occupations and social roles: teacher, doctor, driver, king"
  },
  {
   "code": "nd_people_social",
   "label": "علاقات اجتماعية",
   "note": "social relationships and groups: friend, neighbor, guest, team, crowd"
  },
  {
   "code": "nd_people_types",
   "label": "أنواع الأشخاص",
   "note": "general kinds of person by age or sex: man, woman, child, baby, adult"
  },
  {
   "code": "nd_animals_domestic",
   "label": "أليفة ومزرعة",
   "note": "pets and farm animals: dog, cat, cow, horse, sheep"
  },
  {
   "code": "nd_animals_wild",
   "label": "برية",
   "note": "wild land animals: lion, wolf, elephant, monkey"
  },
  {
   "code": "nd_animals_birds",
   "label": "طيور",
   "note": "birds: sparrow, eagle, owl, parrot"
  },
  {
   "code": "nd_animals_small",
   "label": "حشرات وزواحف",
   "note": "insects, reptiles and small creatures: ant, bee, snake, frog"
  },
  {
   "code": "nd_animals_sea",
   "label": "حيوانات بحرية",
   "note": "sea creatures: fish, whale, shark, crab"
  },
  {
   "code": "nd_food_fruits",
   "label": "فواكه",
   "note": "fruits: apple, orange, banana, grape"
  },
  {
   "code": "nd_food_vegetables",
   "label": "خضروات",
   "note": "vegetables: tomato, potato, onion, carrot"
  },
  {
   "code": "nd_food_protein",
   "label": "لحوم وأسماك وبقوليات",
   "note": "meat, fish and legumes: beef, tuna, beans, lentils"
  },
  {
   "code": "nd_food_staples",
   "label": "خبز وحبوب",
   "note": "bread, grains and pasta: bread, rice, pasta, flour"
  },
  {
   "code": "nd_food_dairy",
   "label": "ألبان وبيض",
   "note": "dairy and eggs: milk, cheese, butter, egg"
  },
  {
   "code": "nd_food_sweets",
   "label": "حلويات ووجبات خفيفة",
   "note": "sweets and snacks: cake, chocolate, biscuit, ice cream"
  },
  {
   "code": "nd_food_drinks",
   "label": "مشروبات",
   "note": "drinks: water, coffee, tea, juice, wine"
  },
  {
   "code": "nd_food_dishes",
   "label": "وجبات وأطباق",
   "note": "meals and prepared dishes: breakfast, soup, salad, pizza"
  },
  {
   "code": "nd_food_seasonings",
   "label": "توابل ومنكّهات",
   "note": "seasonings and cooking ingredients: salt, sugar, oil, pepper, honey"
  },
  {
   "code": "nd_places_public",
   "label": "مبانٍ ومؤسسات",
   "note": "public buildings and institutions: school, hospital, bank, library, church"
  },
  {
   "code": "nd_places_shops_leisure",
   "label": "متاجر وأماكن ترفيه",
   "note": "shops and leisure venues: market, restaurant, cinema, hotel, gym"
  },
  {
   "code": "nd_places_city",
   "label": "المدينة والطريق",
   "note": "urban spaces: street, square, park, bridge, neighborhood"
  },
  {
   "code": "nd_places_home",
   "label": "البيت وغرفه",
   "note": "home and its rooms: house, apartment, kitchen, bedroom, garden"
  },
  {
   "code": "nd_places_regions",
   "label": "بلدان ومناطق",
   "note": "countries, cities and regions as common nouns: country, city, village, island, capital"
  },
  {
   "code": "nd_identity_nationalities",
   "label": "جنسيات",
   "note": "nationalities as nouns for a person: an Italian, an Egyptian, a German"
  },
  {
   "code": "nd_identity_languages",
   "label": "لغات",
   "note": "names of languages: Arabic, Italian, English, German"
  },
  {
   "code": "nd_identity_countries",
   "label": "أسماء الدول والقارات",
   "note": "names of countries and continents: Italy, Egypt, Europe"
  },
  {
   "code": "nd_home_furniture",
   "label": "أثاث",
   "note": "furniture: table, chair, bed, sofa, shelf"
  },
  {
   "code": "nd_home_kitchenware",
   "label": "أدوات المطبخ والمائدة",
   "note": "kitchen and table items: plate, cup, knife, fork, pot"
  },
  {
   "code": "nd_home_appliances",
   "label": "أجهزة منزلية",
   "note": "household appliances: refrigerator, oven, washing machine, lamp"
  },
  {
   "code": "nd_home_tools",
   "label": "أدوات وعُدد",
   "note": "tools and hardware: hammer, key, rope, ladder, screw"
  },
  {
   "code": "nd_home_hygiene",
   "label": "نظافة وعناية",
   "note": "cleaning and personal care items: soap, towel, toothbrush, broom"
  },
  {
   "code": "nd_clothing_garments",
   "label": "ملابس",
   "note": "garments: shirt, dress, trousers, coat"
  },
  {
   "code": "nd_clothing_shoes",
   "label": "أحذية",
   "note": "footwear: shoe, boot, sandal"
  },
  {
   "code": "nd_clothing_accessories",
   "label": "إكسسوارات ومقتنيات شخصية",
   "note": "accessories and personal items: hat, watch, ring, bag, glasses, wallet"
  },
  {
   "code": "nd_body_parts",
   "label": "أعضاء الجسم",
   "note": "body parts: head, hand, eye, heart"
  },
  {
   "code": "nd_health_conditions",
   "label": "أمراض وأعراض",
   "note": "illnesses and symptoms: fever, cough, pain, injury, illness"
  },
  {
   "code": "nd_health_care",
   "label": "علاج ورعاية",
   "note": "medicine and treatment: pill, vaccine, surgery, prescription, recovery"
  },
  {
   "code": "nd_nature_landscape",
   "label": "تضاريس ومياه",
   "note": "landforms and water bodies: mountain, river, sea, forest, desert"
  },
  {
   "code": "nd_nature_plants",
   "label": "نباتات",
   "note": "plants: tree, flower, grass, leaf, seed"
  },
  {
   "code": "nd_nature_weather",
   "label": "طقس",
   "note": "weather phenomena: rain, wind, snow, storm, cloud"
  },
  {
   "code": "nd_nature_sky",
   "label": "السماء والفضاء",
   "note": "sky and space: sun, moon, star, planet, sky"
  },
  {
   "code": "nd_time_units",
   "label": "وحدات زمنية",
   "note": "units of time: second, hour, day, week, month, year"
  },
  {
   "code": "nd_time_calendar",
   "label": "أيام وأشهر وفصول",
   "note": "named calendar periods: Monday, January, summer, weekend"
  },
  {
   "code": "nd_time_parts",
   "label": "أجزاء اليوم ولحظات",
   "note": "parts of the day and moments: morning, night, moment, future, past"
  },
  {
   "code": "nd_transport_vehicles",
   "label": "وسائل نقل",
   "note": "vehicles: car, bus, train, plane, bicycle, ship"
  },
  {
   "code": "nd_transport_infrastructure",
   "label": "محطات وبنية النقل",
   "note": "transport infrastructure (street goes to urban spaces): station, airport, highway, port, railway"
  },
  {
   "code": "nd_transport_travel",
   "label": "سفر ورحلات",
   "note": "travel items and concepts: ticket, trip, luggage, passport, map"
  },
  {
   "code": "nd_work_workplace",
   "label": "عمل ووظائف",
   "note": "work and employment: job, office, project, meeting, company"
  },
  {
   "code": "nd_money_shopping",
   "label": "مال وتسوق",
   "note": "money and commerce: money, price, bill, discount, salary"
  },
  {
   "code": "nd_edu_school",
   "label": "تعليم",
   "note": "education: lesson, exam, subject, homework, diploma"
  },
  {
   "code": "nd_media_writing",
   "label": "كتب وكتابة وإعلام",
   "note": "books and written or broadcast media: book, letter, newspaper, page, news"
  },
  {
   "code": "nd_tech_devices",
   "label": "تقنية وأجهزة",
   "note": "technology and devices: phone, computer, internet, screen, application"
  },
  {
   "code": "nd_arts_forms",
   "label": "فنون وأعمال فنية",
   "note": "art forms and works: art, music, poetry, melody, song, painting, sculpture, cinema, film, theater, dance, instrument"
  },
  {
   "code": "nd_arts_creation",
   "label": "إبداع وأداء فني",
   "note": "artistic creation and performance as nouns: drawing, design, acting, performance, composition"
  },
  {
   "code": "nd_arts_beauty",
   "label": "جمال وأناقة",
   "note": "aesthetic qualities as nouns: beauty, ugliness, elegance, charm, softness, refinement, splendor"
  },
  {
   "code": "nd_arts_taste",
   "label": "ذوق ومهارة وأسلوب",
   "note": "artistic taste and craft as nouns: taste, appreciation, mastery, skill, style, technique, harmony, inspiration"
  },
  {
   "code": "nd_leisure_sports",
   "label": "رياضة",
   "note": "sports and exercise: football, match, swimming, training"
  },
  {
   "code": "nd_leisure_games",
   "label": "ألعاب وهوايات",
   "note": "games and hobbies: toy, card game, puzzle, hobby, camping"
  },
  {
   "code": "nd_leisure_events",
   "label": "مناسبات وأعياد",
   "note": "celebrations and events: party, wedding, holiday, gift, birthday"
  },
  {
   "code": "nd_religion_practices",
   "label": "عبادات وشعائر",
   "note": "worship and rituals as nouns: worship, supplication, prayer, bowing, prostration, fasting"
  },
  {
   "code": "nd_religion_spirit",
   "label": "قيم وأحوال روحية",
   "note": "spiritual attitudes as nouns: gratitude, obedience, disobedience, faith, sin, repentance"
  },
  {
   "code": "nd_abstract_emotions",
   "label": "مشاعر وحالات نفسية",
   "note": "emotions and psychological states as nouns: love, hatred, fear, hope, happiness, sadness, anger, joy, surprise, jealousy, anxiety, interest"
  },
  {
   "code": "nd_abstract_values",
   "label": "أخلاق وطباع وقيم",
   "note": "ethics, virtues, vices and character traits: honesty, lying, courage, cowardice, patience, haste, justice, injustice, loyalty, betrayal, generosity, kindness, shyness, mercy, cruelty, trustworthiness, humiliation"
  },
  {
   "code": "nd_abstract_mind",
   "label": "فكر ومعرفة",
   "note": "mind and knowledge: idea, memory, dream, opinion, reason, truth, knowledge, ignorance"
  },
  {
   "code": "nd_abstract_communication",
   "label": "كلام وتواصل",
   "note": "communication: word, question, answer, story, language, name, message"
  },
  {
   "code": "nd_abstract_society",
   "label": "مجتمع وقانون",
   "note": "society and rules: law, right, freedom, government, peace, culture"
  },
  {
   "code": "nd_abstract_conflict",
   "label": "قوة وصراع",
   "note": "power and conflict: war, defense, attack, resistance, victory, defeat, aggression, threat, warning, occupation, revolution"
  },
  {
   "code": "nd_abstract_situations",
   "label": "أحوال وأحداث وأسباب",
   "note": "situations, events and causes as nouns: problem, chance, success, danger, change, accident, mistake"
  },
  {
   "code": "nd_processes_learning",
   "label": "تعلّم ومهارات",
   "note": "education and skills as nouns: reading, writing, studying, memorizing, teaching, learning, training, summarizing"
  },
  {
   "code": "nd_processes_mental",
   "label": "عمليات عقلية",
   "note": "mental processes as nouns: thinking, understanding, imagining, conceiving, remembering, forgetting, perceiving, observing, following up, confirming"
  },
  {
   "code": "nd_processes_analysis",
   "label": "تحليل وتقييم وتوضيح",
   "note": "analysis and evaluation as nouns: planning, evaluation, review, analysis, explanation, interpretation, clarification, test, choice, correction, verification"
  },
  {
   "code": "nd_processes_management",
   "label": "عمل وإدارة وتنظيم",
   "note": "work and management as nouns: work, management, leadership, organization, arrangement, guidance, commitment, use"
  },
  {
   "code": "nd_processes_making",
   "label": "بناء وإنتاج وإصلاح",
   "note": "making and fixing as nouns: construction, industry, production, repair, cleaning, decorating"
  },
  {
   "code": "nd_processes_commerce",
   "label": "تجارة واستهلاك",
   "note": "trade and economic acts as nouns: trade, marketing, distribution, consumption, investment, saving, spending, selling, buying"
  },
  {
   "code": "nd_processes_innovation",
   "label": "اكتشاف وابتكار وإنجاز",
   "note": "discovery and innovation as nouns: discovery, invention, innovation, creativity, achievement, development"
  },
  {
   "code": "nd_processes_movement",
   "label": "حركة وانتقال ونشاط يومي",
   "note": "movement and daily activities as nouns: going, returning, entering, exiting, sitting, standing, departing, arriving, crossing, climbing, descending, spreading, gathering, union, separation, connection, settling, residence, travel, walking, eating, sleeping, swimming"
  },
  {
   "code": "nd_processes_social",
   "label": "تعامل اجتماعي",
   "note": "social interaction as nouns: cooperation, help, advice, confession, apology, agreement, refusal, solidarity, respect, appreciation, reconciliation, tolerance"
  },
  {
   "code": "nd_measures_units",
   "label": "وحدات ومقادير",
   "note": "units and quantity words as nouns: kilogram, liter, meter, piece, group, half, majority"
  },
  {
   "code": "nd_measures_shapes",
   "label": "أشكال واتجاهات",
   "note": "shapes, positions and directions as nouns: circle, line, corner, side, top, edge, direction"
  },
  {
   "code": "nd_materials_substances",
   "label": "مواد",
   "note": "materials and substances: wood, metal, glass, paper, cloth, stone, plastic"
  },
  {
   "code": "nd_things_general",
   "label": "أشياء متفرقة",
   "note": "general physical objects that fit no other category: box, bottle, picture, mirror, candle"
  }
 ],
 "_instructions": [
  "لا تغيّر concept_id ولا gloss: هما هوية المفهوم عبر اللغات. ref_lemma كلمة لغة أخرى للمساعدة فقط — لا تنسخها.",
  "اترك السطر كما هو إن لم تعرف ترجمته: الأسطر الفارغة تُتجاهل عند الرفع بتنبيه.",
  "node_code عقدة من taxonomy أعلاه فقط؛ أي كود غيرها خطأ في المعاينة.",
  "lemma الكلمة؛ forms.sg (المفرد) مطلوب، وforms.pl إن كان للاسم جمع.",
  "gender واحد من m / f / n / c، ويُترك فارغًا للغات بلا جنس.",
  "articles أدوات جاهزة كما تُكتب قبل الاسم. المفاتيح الظاهرة هي ما تحتاجه هذه اللغة؛ null = «بلا أداة عمدًا» لهذا الاسم، وغياب المفتاح يستبعد جمله في ذلك الوضع. \"+\" في آخر الأداة يلصقها بالاسم (ال+).",
  "preps حروف جر إضافية لهذا الاسم فقط، من available_preps في رأس الملف؛ لا تكتب ما يرثه فرعه من ملف القواعد.",
  "اختياري في سطر الحرف: \"article\": false = بلا أداة بعد هذا الحرف في هذا الدور بالمفرد (a scuola، in biblioteca، to school)؛ و\"prep\": null لدور غير المفعول = بلا حرف (go home)، ومعه \"sense\" (معناه من available_senses في ملف حروف الجر، مثل \"dir_to\")؛ وsense في أي سطر = معنى الحرف لهذا الاسم وحده (in biblioteca: \"dir_to\"). و\"text\" للاستثناء النادر وحده = العبارة كاملة كما تُقال (الحرف والأداة والاسم) بالمفرد والمعرفة. ويُكتب الحرف الموروث نفسه بسطر هنا لإضافة ذلك إليه.",
  "forms.def_sg / def_pl (اختياري ونادر): صيغة المعرفة كاملة حين لا تُبنى بلصق الأداة بالاسم، مثل \"def_sg\": \"المرأة\" (لا «الامرأة»).",
  "senses (اختياري): المعاني التي يقبلها الاسم لكل دور، فيضيّق ما يرثه من فرعه، مثل {\"location\": [\"loc_in\"]} لـ biblioteca (in biblioteca لا alla biblioteca).",
  "الأسطر التي فيها \"inherited\": true حروف يرثها الاسم من فرعه: لا تغيّر prep ولا role فيها. املأ article أو sense فيها إن احتجت (مثل \"article\": false لـ a scuola)، وإلا اتركها كما هي — السطر الموروث الفارغ يُتجاهل.",
  "human (خاصية للمفهوم في كل اللغات): true للعاقل (شخص)، وfalse لغير العاقل (مكان، شيء، حيوان، طعام). إن كان فارغًا فاملأه؛ وإن كان مملوءًا فهو للقراءة — لا تغيّره.",
  "countable (خاصية للمفهوم في كل اللغات): true للمعدود (كتاب، مدرسة: how many / quanti / كم كتابًا)، وfalse لغير المعدود (خبز، ماء: how much / quanto). إن كان فارغًا فاملأه؛ وإن كان مملوءًا فهو للقراءة. الفارغ يستبعد جمل «كم» مع هذا الاسم.",
  "ملف عربي مبني على بنية النسخة الإيطالية: concept_id وgloss ثابتان للربط بين اللغتين، وlemma وforms بالعربية. «ال+» تعني أن التعريف سابقة تُلصق بالاسم. الأمثلة الإيطالية الواردة في التعليمات أعلاه للتوضيح فقط."
 ],
 "entries": [
  {
   "concept_id": "n_school",
   "gloss": "place where children are taught",
   "lemma": "مدرسة",
   "node_code": "nd_places_public",
   "gender": "f",
   "forms": {
    "sg": "مدرسة",
    "pl": "مدارس"
   },
   "articles": {
    "def_sg": "ال+",
    "def_pl": "ال+",
    "indef_sg": ""
   },
   "preps": [
    {
     "prep": "في",
     "role": "location",
     "inherited": true,
     "article": "",
     "sense": ""
    },
    {
     "prep": "تحت",
     "role": "location",
     "inherited": true,
     "article": "",
     "sense": ""
    },
    {
     "prep": "فوق",
     "role": "location",
     "inherited": true,
     "article": "",
     "sense": ""
    },
    {
     "prep": "إلى",
     "role": "destination",
     "inherited": true,
     "article": "",
     "sense": ""
    }
   ],
   "senses": {
    "location": [],
    "destination": []
   },
   "human": false,
   "countable": true
  },
  {
   "concept_id": "n_library",
   "gloss": "place where books are kept and read",
   "lemma": "مكتبة",
   "node_code": "nd_places_public",
   "gender": "f",
   "forms": {
    "sg": "مكتبة",
    "pl": "مكتبات"
   },
   "articles": {
    "def_sg": "ال+",
    "def_pl": "ال+",
    "indef_sg": ""
   },
   "preps": [
    {
     "prep": "في",
     "role": "location",
     "inherited": true,
     "article": "",
     "sense": ""
    },
    {
     "prep": "تحت",
     "role": "location",
     "inherited": true,
     "article": "",
     "sense": ""
    },
    {
     "prep": "فوق",
     "role": "location",
     "inherited": true,
     "article": "",
     "sense": ""
    },
    {
     "prep": "إلى",
     "role": "destination",
     "inherited": true,
     "article": "",
     "sense": ""
    }
   ],
   "senses": {
    "location": [],
    "destination": []
   },
   "human": false,
   "countable": true
  },
  {
   "concept_id": "n_hospital",
   "gloss": "place where sick people are treated",
   "lemma": "مستشفى",
   "node_code": "nd_places_public",
   "gender": "m",
   "forms": {
    "sg": "مستشفى",
    "pl": "مستشفيات"
   },
   "articles": {
    "def_sg": "ال+",
    "def_pl": "ال+",
    "indef_sg": ""
   },
   "preps": [
    {
     "prep": "في",
     "role": "location",
     "inherited": true,
     "article": "",
     "sense": ""
    },
    {
     "prep": "تحت",
     "role": "location",
     "inherited": true,
     "article": "",
     "sense": ""
    },
    {
     "prep": "فوق",
     "role": "location",
     "inherited": true,
     "article": "",
     "sense": ""
    },
    {
     "prep": "إلى",
     "role": "destination",
     "inherited": true,
     "article": "",
     "sense": ""
    }
   ],
   "senses": {
    "location": [],
    "destination": []
   },
   "human": false,
   "countable": true
  },
  {
   "concept_id": "n_park",
   "gloss": "public green space in a town",
   "lemma": "حديقة",
   "node_code": "nd_places_city",
   "gender": "f",
   "forms": {
    "sg": "حديقة",
    "pl": "حدائق"
   },
   "articles": {
    "def_sg": "ال+",
    "def_pl": "ال+",
    "indef_sg": ""
   },
   "preps": [
    {
     "prep": "إلى",
     "role": "destination",
     "article": "",
     "sense": ""
    },
    {
     "prep": "في",
     "role": "location",
     "inherited": true,
     "article": "",
     "sense": ""
    },
    {
     "prep": "تحت",
     "role": "location",
     "inherited": true,
     "article": "",
     "sense": ""
    },
    {
     "prep": "فوق",
     "role": "location",
     "inherited": true,
     "article": "",
     "sense": ""
    }
   ],
   "senses": {
    "destination": [],
    "location": []
   },
   "human": false,
   "countable": true
  },
  {
   "concept_id": "n_market",
   "gloss": "place where goods are sold",
   "lemma": "سوق",
   "node_code": "nd_places_shops_leisure",
   "gender": "m",
   "forms": {
    "sg": "سوق",
    "pl": "أسواق"
   },
   "articles": {
    "def_sg": "ال+",
    "def_pl": "ال+",
    "indef_sg": ""
   },
   "preps": [
    {
     "prep": "إلى",
     "role": "destination",
     "article": "",
     "sense": ""
    },
    {
     "prep": "في",
     "role": "location",
     "inherited": true,
     "article": "",
     "sense": ""
    },
    {
     "prep": "تحت",
     "role": "location",
     "inherited": true,
     "article": "",
     "sense": ""
    },
    {
     "prep": "فوق",
     "role": "location",
     "inherited": true,
     "article": "",
     "sense": ""
    }
   ],
   "senses": {
    "destination": [],
    "location": []
   },
   "human": false,
   "countable": true,
   "note": "جمع آخر: أسواق"
  },
  {
   "concept_id": "n_apple",
   "gloss": "round fruit of the apple tree",
   "lemma": "تفاحة",
   "node_code": "nd_food_fruits",
   "gender": "f",
   "forms": {
    "sg": "تفاحة",
    "pl": "تفاحات"
   },
   "articles": {
    "def_sg": "ال+",
    "def_pl": "ال+",
    "indef_sg": ""
   },
   "senses": {},
   "human": false,
   "countable": true,
   "preps": []
  },
  {
   "concept_id": "n_bread",
   "gloss": "food baked from flour and water",
   "lemma": "خبز",
   "node_code": "nd_food_staples",
   "gender": "m",
   "forms": {
    "sg": "خبز",
    "pl": ""
   },
   "articles": {
    "def_sg": "ال+",
    "def_pl": null,
    "indef_sg": ""
   },
   "senses": {},
   "human": false,
   "countable": false,
   "preps": []
  },
  {
   "concept_id": "n_book",
   "gloss": "set of written pages bound together",
   "lemma": "كتاب",
   "node_code": "nd_media_writing",
   "gender": "m",
   "forms": {
    "sg": "كتاب",
    "pl": "كتب"
   },
   "articles": {
    "def_sg": "ال+",
    "def_pl": "ال+",
    "indef_sg": ""
   },
   "senses": {},
   "human": false,
   "countable": true,
   "preps": []
  },
  {
   "concept_id": "n_doctor",
   "gloss": "person trained to treat sick people",
   "lemma": "طبيب",
   "node_code": "nd_people_roles",
   "gender": "m",
   "forms": {
    "sg": "طبيب",
    "pl": "أطباء"
   },
   "articles": {
    "def_sg": "ال+",
    "def_pl": "ال+",
    "indef_sg": ""
   },
   "senses": {},
   "human": true,
   "countable": true,
   "note": "المؤنث: طبيبة",
   "preps": []
  },
  {
   "concept_id": "n_nurse",
   "gloss": "person who cares for sick people",
   "lemma": "ممرض",
   "node_code": "nd_people_roles",
   "gender": "m",
   "forms": {
    "sg": "ممرض",
    "pl": "ممرضون"
   },
   "articles": {
    "def_sg": "ال+",
    "def_pl": "ال+",
    "indef_sg": ""
   },
   "senses": {},
   "human": true,
   "countable": true,
   "note": "المؤنث: ممرضة",
   "preps": []
  },
  {
   "concept_id": "n_patient",
   "gloss": "person who receives medical care",
   "lemma": "مريض",
   "node_code": "nd_people_roles",
   "gender": "m",
   "forms": {
    "sg": "مريض",
    "pl": "مرضى"
   },
   "articles": {
    "def_sg": "ال+",
    "def_pl": "ال+",
    "indef_sg": ""
   },
   "senses": {},
   "human": true,
   "countable": true,
   "note": "المؤنث: مريضة",
   "preps": []
  },
  {
   "concept_id": "n_specialist",
   "gloss": "doctor with deep knowledge of one field",
   "lemma": "أخصائي",
   "node_code": "nd_people_roles",
   "gender": "m",
   "forms": {
    "sg": "أخصائي",
    "pl": "أخصائيون"
   },
   "articles": {
    "def_sg": "ال+",
    "def_pl": "ال+",
    "indef_sg": ""
   },
   "senses": {},
   "human": true,
   "countable": true,
   "note": "المؤنث: أخصائية",
   "preps": []
  },
  {
   "concept_id": "n_cardiologist",
   "gloss": "doctor who treats the heart",
   "lemma": "طبيب قلب",
   "node_code": "nd_people_roles",
   "gender": "m",
   "forms": {
    "sg": "طبيب قلب",
    "pl": "أطباء قلب"
   },
   "articles": {
    "def_sg": "ال+",
    "def_pl": "ال+",
    "indef_sg": ""
   },
   "senses": {},
   "human": true,
   "countable": true,
   "note": "المؤنث: طبيبة قلب",
   "preps": []
  },
  {
   "concept_id": "n_health",
   "gloss": "state of being well and free from illness",
   "lemma": "صحة",
   "node_code": "nd_health_care",
   "gender": "f",
   "forms": {
    "sg": "صحة",
    "pl": ""
   },
   "articles": {
    "def_sg": "ال+",
    "def_pl": null,
    "indef_sg": ""
   },
   "senses": {},
   "human": false,
   "countable": false,
   "note": "غير معدود",
   "preps": []
  },
  {
   "concept_id": "n_checkup",
   "gloss": "routine medical examination when nothing is wrong",
   "lemma": "فحص دوري",
   "node_code": "nd_health_care",
   "gender": "m",
   "forms": {
    "sg": "فحص دوري",
    "pl": "فحوص دورية"
   },
   "articles": {
    "def_sg": "ال+",
    "def_pl": "ال+",
    "indef_sg": ""
   },
   "senses": {},
   "human": false,
   "countable": true,
   "note": "",
   "preps": []
  },
  {
   "concept_id": "n_blood_pressure",
   "gloss": "force with which blood pushes against the arteries",
   "lemma": "ضغط الدم",
   "node_code": "nd_health_care",
   "gender": "m",
   "forms": {
    "sg": "ضغط الدم",
    "pl": "ضغوط الدم"
   },
   "articles": {
    "def_sg": "ال+",
    "def_pl": "ال+",
    "indef_sg": ""
   },
   "senses": {},
   "human": false,
   "countable": true,
   "note": "",
   "preps": []
  },
  {
   "concept_id": "n_prescription",
   "gloss": "written order from a doctor for a medicine",
   "lemma": "وصفة طبية",
   "node_code": "nd_health_care",
   "gender": "f",
   "forms": {
    "sg": "وصفة طبية",
    "pl": "وصفات طبية"
   },
   "articles": {
    "def_sg": "ال+",
    "def_pl": "ال+",
    "indef_sg": ""
   },
   "senses": {},
   "human": false,
   "countable": true,
   "note": "",
   "preps": []
  },
  {
   "concept_id": "n_referral",
   "gloss": "act of sending a patient to a specialist",
   "lemma": "إحالة طبية",
   "node_code": "nd_health_care",
   "gender": "f",
   "forms": {
    "sg": "إحالة طبية",
    "pl": "إحالات طبية"
   },
   "articles": {
    "def_sg": "ال+",
    "def_pl": "ال+",
    "indef_sg": ""
   },
   "senses": {},
   "human": false,
   "countable": true,
   "note": "",
   "preps": []
  },
  {
   "concept_id": "n_diagnosis",
   "gloss": "identification of an illness by a doctor",
   "lemma": "تشخيص",
   "node_code": "nd_health_care",
   "gender": "m",
   "forms": {
    "sg": "تشخيص",
    "pl": "تشخيصات"
   },
   "articles": {
    "def_sg": "ال+",
    "def_pl": "ال+",
    "indef_sg": ""
   },
   "senses": {},
   "human": false,
   "countable": true,
   "note": "",
   "preps": []
  },
  {
   "concept_id": "n_treatment",
   "gloss": "medical care given to cure or control an illness",
   "lemma": "علاج",
   "node_code": "nd_health_care",
   "gender": "m",
   "forms": {
    "sg": "علاج",
    "pl": "علاجات"
   },
   "articles": {
    "def_sg": "ال+",
    "def_pl": "ال+",
    "indef_sg": ""
   },
   "senses": {},
   "human": false,
   "countable": true,
   "note": "",
   "preps": []
  },
  {
   "concept_id": "n_medication",
   "gloss": "substance taken to treat an illness",
   "lemma": "دواء",
   "node_code": "nd_health_care",
   "gender": "m",
   "forms": {
    "sg": "دواء",
    "pl": "أدوية"
   },
   "articles": {
    "def_sg": "ال+",
    "def_pl": "ال+",
    "indef_sg": ""
   },
   "senses": {},
   "human": false,
   "countable": true,
   "note": "",
   "preps": []
  },
  {
   "concept_id": "n_side_effect",
   "gloss": "unwanted reaction caused by a medicine",
   "lemma": "أثر جانبي",
   "node_code": "nd_health_care",
   "gender": "m",
   "forms": {
    "sg": "أثر جانبي",
    "pl": "آثار جانبية"
   },
   "articles": {
    "def_sg": "ال+",
    "def_pl": "ال+",
    "indef_sg": ""
   },
   "senses": {},
   "human": false,
   "countable": true,
   "note": "",
   "preps": []
  },
  {
   "concept_id": "n_dosage",
   "gloss": "amount of medicine to take and how often",
   "lemma": "جرعة",
   "node_code": "nd_health_care",
   "gender": "f",
   "forms": {
    "sg": "جرعة",
    "pl": "جرعات"
   },
   "articles": {
    "def_sg": "ال+",
    "def_pl": "ال+",
    "indef_sg": ""
   },
   "senses": {},
   "human": false,
   "countable": true,
   "note": "",
   "preps": []
  },
  {
   "concept_id": "n_followup",
   "gloss": "later visit to check how a patient is doing",
   "lemma": "مراجعة متابعة",
   "node_code": "nd_health_care",
   "gender": "f",
   "forms": {
    "sg": "مراجعة متابعة",
    "pl": "مراجعات متابعة"
   },
   "articles": {
    "def_sg": "ال+",
    "def_pl": "ال+",
    "indef_sg": ""
   },
   "senses": {},
   "human": false,
   "countable": true,
   "note": "",
   "preps": []
  },
  {
   "concept_id": "n_recovery",
   "gloss": "process of becoming healthy again",
   "lemma": "شفاء",
   "node_code": "nd_health_care",
   "gender": "m",
   "forms": {
    "sg": "شفاء",
    "pl": ""
   },
   "articles": {
    "def_sg": "ال+",
    "def_pl": null,
    "indef_sg": ""
   },
   "senses": {},
   "human": false,
   "countable": false,
   "note": "غير معدود؛ المصدر «الشفاء»",
   "preps": []
  },
  {
   "concept_id": "n_antibiotic",
   "gloss": "medicine that kills bacteria",
   "lemma": "مضاد حيوي",
   "node_code": "nd_health_care",
   "gender": "m",
   "forms": {
    "sg": "مضاد حيوي",
    "pl": "مضادات حيوية"
   },
   "articles": {
    "def_sg": "ال+",
    "def_pl": "ال+",
    "indef_sg": ""
   },
   "senses": {},
   "human": false,
   "countable": true,
   "note": "",
   "preps": []
  },
  {
   "concept_id": "n_vitamin",
   "gloss": "substance in food that the body needs",
   "lemma": "فيتامين",
   "node_code": "nd_health_care",
   "gender": "m",
   "forms": {
    "sg": "فيتامين",
    "pl": "فيتامينات"
   },
   "articles": {
    "def_sg": "ال+",
    "def_pl": "ال+",
    "indef_sg": ""
   },
   "senses": {},
   "human": false,
   "countable": true,
   "note": "",
   "preps": []
  },
  {
   "concept_id": "n_pill",
   "gloss": "small tablet of medicine",
   "lemma": "قرص",
   "node_code": "nd_health_care",
   "gender": "m",
   "forms": {
    "sg": "قرص",
    "pl": "أقراص"
   },
   "articles": {
    "def_sg": "ال+",
    "def_pl": "ال+",
    "indef_sg": ""
   },
   "senses": {},
   "human": false,
   "countable": true,
   "note": "",
   "preps": []
  },
  {
   "concept_id": "n_test",
   "gloss": "medical examination to find out what is wrong",
   "lemma": "تحليل",
   "node_code": "nd_health_care",
   "gender": "m",
   "forms": {
    "sg": "تحليل",
    "pl": "تحليلات"
   },
   "articles": {
    "def_sg": "ال+",
    "def_pl": "ال+",
    "indef_sg": ""
   },
   "senses": {},
   "human": false,
   "countable": true,
   "note": "",
   "preps": []
  },
  {
   "concept_id": "n_surgery",
   "gloss": "medical operation",
   "lemma": "عملية جراحية",
   "node_code": "nd_health_care",
   "gender": "f",
   "forms": {
    "sg": "عملية جراحية",
    "pl": "عمليات جراحية"
   },
   "articles": {
    "def_sg": "ال+",
    "def_pl": "ال+",
    "indef_sg": ""
   },
   "senses": {},
   "human": false,
   "countable": true,
   "note": "",
   "preps": []
  },
  {
   "concept_id": "n_diet",
   "gloss": "the food a person usually eats",
   "lemma": "تغذية",
   "node_code": "nd_health_care",
   "gender": "f",
   "forms": {
    "sg": "تغذية",
    "pl": ""
   },
   "articles": {
    "def_sg": "ال+",
    "def_pl": null,
    "indef_sg": ""
   },
   "senses": {},
   "human": false,
   "countable": false,
   "note": "غير معدود؛ وتُستعمل أيضًا «نظام غذائي»",
   "preps": []
  },
  {
   "concept_id": "n_symptom",
   "gloss": "sign or feeling that shows an illness",
   "lemma": "عَرَض",
   "node_code": "nd_health_conditions",
   "gender": "m",
   "forms": {
    "sg": "عَرَض",
    "pl": "أعراض"
   },
   "articles": {
    "def_sg": "ال+",
    "def_pl": "ال+",
    "indef_sg": ""
   },
   "senses": {},
   "human": false,
   "countable": true,
   "note": "",
   "preps": []
  },
  {
   "concept_id": "n_pain",
   "gloss": "unpleasant physical feeling in the body",
   "lemma": "ألم",
   "node_code": "nd_health_conditions",
   "gender": "m",
   "forms": {
    "sg": "ألم",
    "pl": "آلام"
   },
   "articles": {
    "def_sg": "ال+",
    "def_pl": "ال+",
    "indef_sg": ""
   },
   "senses": {},
   "human": false,
   "countable": true,
   "note": "",
   "preps": []
  },
  {
   "concept_id": "n_headache",
   "gloss": "pain in the head",
   "lemma": "صداع",
   "node_code": "nd_health_conditions",
   "gender": "m",
   "forms": {
    "sg": "صداع",
    "pl": ""
   },
   "articles": {
    "def_sg": "ال+",
    "def_pl": null,
    "indef_sg": ""
   },
   "senses": {},
   "human": false,
   "countable": true,
   "note": "لا جمع شائع؛ يُقال «صداعات» نادرًا",
   "preps": []
  },
  {
   "concept_id": "n_cough",
   "gloss": "act of pushing air out of the lungs noisily",
   "lemma": "سعال",
   "node_code": "nd_health_conditions",
   "gender": "m",
   "forms": {
    "sg": "سعال",
    "pl": ""
   },
   "articles": {
    "def_sg": "ال+",
    "def_pl": null,
    "indef_sg": ""
   },
   "senses": {},
   "human": false,
   "countable": true,
   "note": "لا جمع شائع",
   "preps": []
  },
  {
   "concept_id": "n_infection",
   "gloss": "illness caused by bacteria or viruses",
   "lemma": "عدوى",
   "node_code": "nd_health_conditions",
   "gender": "f",
   "forms": {
    "sg": "عدوى",
    "pl": "عداوى"
   },
   "articles": {
    "def_sg": "ال+",
    "def_pl": "ال+",
    "indef_sg": ""
   },
   "senses": {},
   "human": false,
   "countable": true,
   "note": "",
   "preps": []
  },
  {
   "concept_id": "n_allergy",
   "gloss": "bad reaction of the body to a substance",
   "lemma": "حساسية",
   "node_code": "nd_health_conditions",
   "gender": "f",
   "forms": {
    "sg": "حساسية",
    "pl": "حساسيات"
   },
   "articles": {
    "def_sg": "ال+",
    "def_pl": "ال+",
    "indef_sg": ""
   },
   "senses": {},
   "human": false,
   "countable": true,
   "note": "",
   "preps": []
  },
  {
   "concept_id": "n_nausea",
   "gloss": "feeling that you are going to vomit",
   "lemma": "غثيان",
   "node_code": "nd_health_conditions",
   "gender": "m",
   "forms": {
    "sg": "غثيان",
    "pl": ""
   },
   "articles": {
    "def_sg": "ال+",
    "def_pl": null,
    "indef_sg": ""
   },
   "senses": {},
   "human": false,
   "countable": false,
   "note": "غير معدود",
   "preps": []
  },
  {
   "concept_id": "n_dizziness",
   "gloss": "feeling that everything is spinning",
   "lemma": "دوار",
   "node_code": "nd_health_conditions",
   "gender": "m",
   "forms": {
    "sg": "دوار",
    "pl": ""
   },
   "articles": {
    "def_sg": "ال+",
    "def_pl": null,
    "indef_sg": ""
   },
   "senses": {},
   "human": false,
   "countable": true,
   "note": "غالبًا غير معدود",
   "preps": []
  },
  {
   "concept_id": "n_heart",
   "gloss": "organ that pumps blood around the body",
   "lemma": "قلب",
   "node_code": "nd_body_parts",
   "gender": "m",
   "forms": {
    "sg": "قلب",
    "pl": "قلوب"
   },
   "articles": {
    "def_sg": "ال+",
    "def_pl": "ال+",
    "indef_sg": ""
   },
   "senses": {},
   "human": false,
   "countable": true,
   "note": "",
   "preps": []
  },
  {
   "concept_id": "n_lung",
   "gloss": "organ used for breathing",
   "lemma": "رئة",
   "node_code": "nd_body_parts",
   "gender": "f",
   "forms": {
    "sg": "رئة",
    "pl": "رئات"
   },
   "articles": {
    "def_sg": "ال+",
    "def_pl": "ال+",
    "indef_sg": ""
   },
   "senses": {},
   "human": false,
   "countable": true,
   "note": "",
   "preps": []
  },
  {
   "concept_id": "n_blood",
   "gloss": "red liquid that flows through the body",
   "lemma": "دم",
   "node_code": "nd_body_parts",
   "gender": "m",
   "forms": {
    "sg": "دم",
    "pl": ""
   },
   "articles": {
    "def_sg": "ال+",
    "def_pl": null,
    "indef_sg": ""
   },
   "senses": {},
   "human": false,
   "countable": false,
   "note": "غير معدود",
   "preps": []
  },
  {
   "concept_id": "n_chest",
   "gloss": "front part of the body between neck and stomach",
   "lemma": "صدر",
   "node_code": "nd_body_parts",
   "gender": "m",
   "forms": {
    "sg": "صدر",
    "pl": "صدور"
   },
   "articles": {
    "def_sg": "ال+",
    "def_pl": "ال+",
    "indef_sg": ""
   },
   "senses": {},
   "human": false,
   "countable": true,
   "note": "",
   "preps": []
  },
  {
   "concept_id": "n_immune_system",
   "gloss": "body system that fights infection",
   "lemma": "جهاز مناعي",
   "node_code": "nd_body_parts",
   "gender": "m",
   "forms": {
    "sg": "جهاز مناعي",
    "pl": "أجهزة مناعية"
   },
   "articles": {
    "def_sg": "ال+",
    "def_pl": "ال+",
    "indef_sg": ""
   },
   "senses": {},
   "human": false,
   "countable": true,
   "note": "",
   "preps": []
  },
  {
   "concept_id": "n_appointment",
   "gloss": "meeting arranged for a fixed time",
   "lemma": "موعد",
   "node_code": "nd_abstract_situations",
   "gender": "m",
   "forms": {
    "sg": "موعد",
    "pl": "مواعيد"
   },
   "articles": {
    "def_sg": "ال+",
    "def_pl": "ال+",
    "indef_sg": ""
   },
   "senses": {},
   "human": false,
   "countable": true,
   "note": "",
   "preps": []
  },
  {
   "concept_id": "n_insurance",
   "gloss": "cover that pays for medical costs",
   "lemma": "تأمين",
   "node_code": "nd_money_shopping",
   "gender": "m",
   "forms": {
    "sg": "تأمين",
    "pl": "تأمينات"
   },
   "articles": {
    "def_sg": "ال+",
    "def_pl": "ال+",
    "indef_sg": ""
   },
   "senses": {},
   "human": false,
   "countable": true,
   "note": "",
   "preps": []
  },
  {
   "concept_id": "n_emergency_room",
   "gloss": "hospital unit for urgent cases",
   "lemma": "قسم الطوارئ",
   "node_code": "nd_places_public",
   "gender": "m",
   "forms": {
    "sg": "قسم الطوارئ",
    "pl": "أقسام الطوارئ"
   },
   "articles": {
    "def_sg": "ال+",
    "def_pl": "ال+",
    "indef_sg": ""
   },
   "senses": {},
   "human": false,
   "countable": true,
   "note": "",
   "preps": []
  },
  {
   "concept_id": "n_sleep",
   "gloss": "natural state of rest of body and mind",
   "lemma": "نوم",
   "node_code": "nd_abstract_situations",
   "gender": "m",
   "forms": {
    "sg": "نوم",
    "pl": ""
   },
   "articles": {
    "def_sg": "ال+",
    "def_pl": null,
    "indef_sg": ""
   },
   "senses": {},
   "human": false,
   "countable": false,
   "note": "غير معدود",
   "preps": []
  },
  {
   "concept_id": "n_stress",
   "gloss": "feeling of pressure and worry",
   "lemma": "إجهاد",
   "node_code": "nd_abstract_emotions",
   "gender": "m",
   "forms": {
    "sg": "إجهاد",
    "pl": ""
   },
   "articles": {
    "def_sg": "ال+",
    "def_pl": null,
    "indef_sg": ""
   },
   "senses": {},
   "human": false,
   "countable": false,
   "note": "غير معدود؛ مرادف: توتر",
   "preps": []
  },
  {
   "concept_id": "n_exercise",
   "gloss": "physical activity done to stay healthy",
   "lemma": "تمرين",
   "node_code": "nd_leisure_sports",
   "gender": "m",
   "forms": {
    "sg": "تمرين",
    "pl": "تمارين"
   },
   "articles": {
    "def_sg": "ال+",
    "def_pl": "ال+",
    "indef_sg": ""
   },
   "senses": {},
   "human": false,
   "countable": true,
   "note": "",
   "preps": []
  },
  {
   "concept_id": "n_water",
   "gloss": "clear liquid that people drink",
   "lemma": "ماء",
   "node_code": "nd_food_drinks",
   "gender": "m",
   "forms": {
    "sg": "ماء",
    "pl": "مياه"
   },
   "articles": {
    "def_sg": "ال+",
    "def_pl": "ال+",
    "indef_sg": ""
   },
   "senses": {},
   "human": false,
   "countable": true,
   "note": "جمع: مياه",
   "preps": []
  }
 ]
}